Did Mykola Voronyi write a “manifesto of Ukrainian modernism”?
Analysis and generalization
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28925/2311-259x.2024.3.1Keywords:
Ukrainian literature, almanac, manifesto, Kyiv censorship, collectionAbstract
This study deals with the collection of information concerning the life and work of Mykola Voronyi between 1901 and 1912. The object of the research is his open letter of appeal “Vidozva” published in the Literaturno-Naukovyi Visnyk, letters to Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi, the almanac Z‑nad khmar i z dolyn and the collection Lyrical Poems. The purpose of the article is to find out whether Serhiy Yefremov really called Vidzvova a “manifesto of Ukrainian modernism” in his reviews “In Search of New Beauty” and “At a Dead End (Reader’s Notes).” The relevance of this research necessitates a critical review and analysis of sources that help to systematize the idea of a certain period of Mykola Voronyi’s life, outline his contribution to the development of Ukrainian literature of the early twentieth century, and revise the view of the artist as the initiator / founder of Ukrainian modernism.
To achieve the goal, the following methods were used: descriptive — to systematize and summarize the collected material; historical, chronological, biographical and contextual analysis — to trace the chronology of the artist's life events in a certain era; content analysis — to identify inaccuracies and unverified facts in critical works of researchers.
As the result of the study it was found that Mykola Voronyi in his 1928 autobiography voiced the thesis that Serhiy Yefremov called his “Vidozva” a “manifesto of Ukrainian modernism,” but the latter called Kateryna Hrynevycheva’s work a “literary manifesto” and the poem “To Ivan Franko (Response to His Message)” a “program of literary creativity in the form of a poetic message.” The article also highlights the details of the publication of the almanac Z‑nad hmar i z dolyn, noting that critics of the time wrote even its title differently. The facts of the publication of the collection Lyrical Poems are clarified and it is proved that it was published in 1912. Based on the testimony of Volodymyr Syrotenko (Verbytskyi), Marko Voronyi’s nephew, the facts from Mykola Voronyi’s private life are presented.
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