Ways of nominating the enemy in media texts
Ukrainian and Polish documentary films and Ukrainian feature films and mass media
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28925/2311-259x.2024.4.8Keywords:
hate speech, media content, documentary, feature filmAbstract
The article presents the analysis of language units to denote an enemy used in media content of different genres: official media reports, documentaries and feature films. The relevance of the study is determined by the urgent need to study the peculiarities of linguistic film discourses in the media in general and cinema as a special type of media content. The subject of the research is the linguistic forms of naming the enemy in Ukrainian documentary and feature films during the period of the full-scale invasion and the use of similar forms in media texts to determine the peculiarities of the correlation between different media genres. The researcher set the goal of describing the linguistic forms used to name the enemy and to trace their correlation in various media genres. The following methods were used to achieve this goal: content analysis, comparative analysis, semantic analysis, context analysis.
The results of the study prove that the words with the attribute of hate speech that contain an intention of humiliation, disrespect, etc., are a special linguistic strategy which becomes leading for media during the period of the armed confrontation. Similarity in narratives and nominations proves the formation of a common speech discourse for the media content different in nature. Among the most widely-spread denominations one can determine: “rusnia”, “katsap / katsapnia”, “rusсists”, “moskals”, “orks”, “nechyst”, the use of such notions as “Russian world”, “liberators” marked by propaganda and used ironically and derogatorily also draw attention.
Such denominations are a manifestation of the language of enmity, which is usually perceived as an undesirable manifestation of mental intolerance, however, in times of war, the formation of a whole layer of such denominations appears as a manifestation of resistance, ideological opposition to the enemy, a psychological mechanism of its dehumanization against the background of a heightened perception of one’s identity in the face of a threat.
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