National culture as a strategy for self-preservation of personality: Yuri Shevelov and the World War II
Part two
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28925/2311-259x.2021.2.4Keywords:
personality, national culture, national identity, World War IIAbstract
The urgency of the topic is due to the increased interest of modern society to the existence of a particular individual in the dehumanizing geopolitical and hybrid conflicts. Culture is an existential source of restoration of a human personal resource. The methods developed in it to protect against various threats to the world are specified in the practices and discourses of national cultures. The latter give their bearers hope for the preservation of life in the circumstances of cardinal socio-historical changes that threaten the collapse of the individual and the whole national community. The subject of study in the article is the phenomenon of the personality of the intellectual-humanitarian in the circumstances of World War II. According to S. Krymsky, personality is seen as the result of moral efforts that raise a person above the individual physical threshold to the level of responsible existence and harmony with the spirit. The objective of the study is to outline the importance of the national cultural environment in the crystallization of the personality of the Ukrainian writer and cultural agent, American and Ukrainian academic philologist Yuri Shevelov (1908–2002) in Ukraine during the Second World War. The first book of his memoirs «I — myself — to me… (and all around)» — «In Ukraine» provided material for reflection. This text has several reprints and is well known to interested readers. However, his leitmotif — national culture as the daily salvation of the intellectual in historical and geopolitical cataclysms — still remains uncomprehend. This is the novelty of the proposed work. Its theoretical and methodological basis is the phenomenology of culture of S. Krymsky. On the other hand, the history of survival and preservation of Yuri Shevelov as an intellectual personality is inseparable from the history of his everyday life. This explains the appeal to the studies of everyday history. As a result of the research caused by the interest in the life of Yu. Shevelov during the Second World War, the main factors of his personal project in the dynamics of the Ukrainian national and cultural discourse were characterized. The issue of modern Ukrainian culture as one of the key criteria for understanding non-national cultural phenomena needs further coverage.
The article is presented in two parts. The second part deals with the semantic and value aspects of personal and national self-determination of Yu. Shevelyov in the conflicts of the II World War as well as Yuri Shevelyov’s experience of war in his intellectual biography.
Downloads
References
Anderson, B. (2001). Uiavleni spilnoty: mirkuvannia shchodo pokhodzhennia i poshyrennia natsionalizmu [Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism]. Krytyka.
Bauman, Z. (1995). Ot palomnika k turistu [From pilgrim to tourist]. Sociological journal, 4, 133–154.
Bauman, Z., & Dionskis, L. (2014). Moralna slipota. Vtrata chutlyvosti u plynnii suchasnosti [Moral blindness. Loss of sensitivity in fluid modernity]. Dukh i Litera.
Borovyk, М. (2013). Kolaboratsiia i kolaboranty v povsiakdennomu spryiniatti meshkantsiv Ukrainy [Collaboration and collaborators in the everyday perception of the Ukrainian]. Pages of military history of Ukraine: Collection of scientific articles, 16, 156–167.
Dzobak, V. (2013). Porivnialna kharakterystyka kolaboratsii naselennia Rosii y Ukrainy v roky radiansko-nimetskoi viiny [Comparative characteristics of the collaboration of the population of Russia and Ukraine during the Soviet-German war]. Pages of military history of Ukraine: Collection of scientific articles, 16, 252–276.
Gritsay, L. (2018). Predstavleniya o schastlivoy zhizni v filosofskom nasledii L. A. Seneki [Ideas of a happy life in the philosophical legacy of L. A. Seneka]. Teologiya. Filosofiya. Pravo / Theology. Philosophy. Law, 2(6), 41–48.
Horobets, V. (2005). Istoriia povsiakdennia [Everyday history]. In: Entsyklopediia istorii Ukrainy. Vol. 3. Naukova dumka.
Ilnytzkyj, O. (2002) Book Review: The making of Yurii Shevelov. The Ukrainian Weekly, 70(16).
Kindras, K. (2006). Ternovyi vinok z diamantamy [Thorn wreath with diamonds]. https://www.umoloda.kiev.ua/number/674/171/24487/
Krymskyi, S. (2003). Zapyty filosofskykh smysliv [Requests of philosophical meanings]. Publisher PARAPAN.
Krymskyi, S. (2008). Pid syhnaturoiu Sofii [Under the signature of Sophia]. Kyiv-Mohyla Academy Publishing House.
Lant, H. G. (2010). Z pryvodu spohadiv Shevelova [About Shevelov’s memories]. Krytyka, 11–12, 43–46.
Morenets, V. (2016). Efekt vysokoi bashty [The effect of a tall tower]. Word and Time, 1, 19–35.
Noskov, V. (2013, September 25). Zasudyly y roztroshchyly pamʼiat Shevelova [Shevelyov’s memory was condemned and shattered]. Radio Svoboda. https://www.radiosvoboda.org/ a/25117911.html
Polishchuk, O. (2019). Konflikt identychnosti v poemi “Ieronym” O. Liaturynskoi. U: O. Polishchuk, S. Pidopryhora, & S. Kosarieva. Model pamiati v ukrainskii post/modernistskii literaturi (p. 27–36). Vyd-vo ChNU im. Petra Mohyly.
Polishchuk, R. (2017). Kulturna identychnist yak substantsiinyi chynnyk formuvannia svitohliadu ukrainskoho narodu v epokhu hlobalizatsii [Cultural identity as a substantial factor in shaping the worldview of the Ukrainian people in the era of globalization] (The dissertation of the candidate of philosophical sciences. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv).
Popovych, M. (1998). Narys istorii kultury Ukrainy [Essay on the history of Ukrainian culture]. АrtEk. http://litopys.org.ua/popovych/narys38.htm
Sherekh, Yu. (1993). Les Kurbas i Kharkiv [Les Kurbas and Kharkiv]. Contemporary, 12, 44–66.
Shestopalova, T. (2018). Krytychne myslennia yak chynnyk intelektualnoi biohrafii Yuriia Shevelova [Critical thinking as a factor in the intellectual biography of Yuri Shevelov]. Literator-intelektual u mihratsiinykh protsesakh: vyklyky dlia pamiati ta identychnosti [An intellectual writer in migration processes: challenges for memory and identity] (p. 49–76). Publishing House of Petro Mohyla ChMNU.
Shevelov, Yu. (1990). Z promovy Yuriia Shevelova na urochystykh zborakh z nahody vidkryttia novoho budynku UVAN u SShA 1962 r. [From the speech of Yuri Shevelyov at the solemn meeting on the occasion of the opening of the new UVAN building in the USA in 1962]. News from the Academy, 15, 1.
Shevelov, Yu. (2001a). Ya — mene — meni… (i dovkruhy) [I — myself — to me… (and all around)]. Memoirs 1. V Ukraini [In Ukraine]. M. P. Kots.
Shevelov, Yu. (2001b). Ya — mene — meni… (i dovkruhy) [I — myself — to me… (and all around)]. Memoirs 2. V Evropi [In Europe]. M. P. Kots.
Shevelov, Yu. (2009). Z istorii nezakinchenoi viiny [From the history of the unfinished war]. Kyiv-Mohyla Academy Publishing House.
Smith, A. D. (1994). Natsionalna identychnist [National Identity]. Osnovy.
Solovei, O. (1985). U Prosviti i navkolo. U: L. Drazhevska, & O. Solovei. Kharkiv u roky nimetskoi okupatsii 1941–1943. Spohady (p. 17–29). Ukrainska Vilna akademiia nauk u SShA (Dopovidi i povidomlennia, 2).
Solovei, O. (2014, 2–9 sichnia). Spilna doroha [Common path]. Natsiia i derzhava, 1–2(528–529), 6–7. http://www.cun.org.ua
Teilor, Ch. (2005). Dzherela sebe: tvorennia novochasnoi identychnosti [Sources of self: the creation of a modern identity]. Dukh i Litera.
U Kharkovi sokyroiu znyshchyly doshku Shevelovu. Foto [A memorial plaque of Shevelov was destroyed with an ax in Kharkiv. Photo]. (2013, September 25). Istorychna pravda. https://www.istpravda.com.ua/short/2013/09/25/136684/
Udod, O. (2006). Povsiakdenne zhyttia kyian v umovakh okupatsii (veresen 1941 — lystopad 1943): pytannia metodolohii ta istoriohrafii [Everyday life of Kyivites under occupation (September 1941 — November 1943): questions of methodology and historiography]. Problemy istorii Ukrainy: fakty, sudzhennia, poshuky: Interdepartmental collection of scientific works, 15, 156–167.
Vakulenko, S. (2019). Prekrasnodushnist posered zhakhittia. Yurii Shevelov i yoho spohady [Good-naturedness in the midst of horror. Yuri Shevelov and his memories]. Istorychna pravda https://www.istpravda.com.ua/articles/2019/01/15/153523
Vihovska, O. (2014). Samorealiatsiia yak oznaka konstruktyvnoho samozberezhennia osobystosti [Self-realization as a sign of constructive self-preservation of the individual]. Problems of modern psychology: Collection of scientific articles Ivan Ogienko National University of Kamyanets-Podilsky, 23, 90–99.
Vihovska, O. (2016). Yakist zhyttia yak umova konstruktyvnoho samozberezhennia osobystosti [Quality of life as a condition for constructive self-preservation of the individual] (The dissertation of the candidate of psychological sciences. Lesia Ukrainka East European National University).
Yekelchyk, S. (2020). Ukrainskyi dosvid Druhoi svitovoi viiny [Ukrainian experience of World War II]. Meduza.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Tetiana Shestopalova
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
